DMD (Digital Micromirror Devices)
是利用半導體製程,面積非常小的平板,商業用邊長約為7.6µm Micromirror Pitch (連結 連結)。一般人對7.6µm是多長應該沒概念,但以塵璊為例子吧,常見塵璊是300µm,所以一隻塵璊下方,可能就有800片這種小鏡片。
每一片鏡片都可以有+-12或是+-17度的偏轉(沒有中間狀態),可以像蹺蹺板般左右轉動。中文版介紹(連結)。
DMD的放大示意圖 |
偏轉的特性可以用在改變光路。例如下圖最右方光線照射後,下方兩個反射單元,左邊的反光板會將光線導往左方(被吸收方),右邊反光板會讓光線導往上方(透鏡)。
連結 |
集合非常多類似單元後,就可以製作出下面排字效應。有趣影片說明(連結)
DLP
DMD類似記憶體,是非常複雜的機電結構,如何快速控制DMD?對應電路稱之為DLP,DLP是TI的專利,不同DMD自然有不同型號DLP。
控制DMD時,有四種操作策略,每種策略各有利弊。
Single block mode
Dual block mode
Quad block mode
Global mode
另外,類似架構的確可以根據RGB組合後呈現人眼可接受影像,但每個單色,例如R,G,B分別強度不同時,該如何呈現呢?目前算起來,每個frame呈現時間僅數個ms。怎麼可能再細分為256層次的差距呢?
Single block mode |
Globalmode |
DMD + DLP 應用:投影
最常見DLP投影機架構 |
特化應用:快速發出結構光(連結)
DMD + DLP 應用:光譜分析
功能:利用投影功能,將線性光譜轉變成可掃描形式的點光譜。中文介紹(連結)
其他應用:The DLP2010NIR DMD enables wavelength control and programmable spectrum and is well suited for low power mobile applications such as 3D biometrics, facial recognition, skin analysis, material identification and chemical sensing.
其他應用:The DLP2010NIR DMD enables wavelength control and programmable spectrum and is well suited for low power mobile applications such as 3D biometrics, facial recognition, skin analysis, material identification and chemical sensing.
TI介紹 連結 |
連結 |
結構上,使用特殊元件 DLP2010NIR DLP® 0.2 WVGA NIR DMD (連結)
0.2-inch (5.29-mm) Diagonal Micromirror Array
854 × 480 Array of Aluminum Micrometer-Sized Mirrors
5.4-µm Micromirror Pitch
±17° Micromirror Tilt (Relative to Flat Surface)
自帶作業系統稱為TIVA,TI有提供相關程式。(須申請帳號)
DLP NIRscan Nano Reference Software v2.1.0 (Rev. A) (ZIP, 187504 KB) 01 Jun 2017
與DLP溝通部分,已經被TI包裝成Library,內容還有包括掃描和取得光譜等資訊,檔案如下。
DLP Spectrum Library Installer v2.0.3 (Rev. A) (ZIP, 24976 KB) 01 Jun 2017
Scan: Performing a column or Hadamard scan by:
– Generating the appropriate full-frame DMD patterns based on a specific scan configuration.
– Computing reflectance and absorbance data form the intensity data during a scan.
– Handling serialization and deserialization of scan configuration and scan data.
DLP® LightCrafter™ 4500 (連結)。
DLP® LightCrafter™ 6500 Evaluation Module(連結),研究TI提供的PDF(連結),其中並沒有source code也沒有compile的環境。著重在如何將圖形(PATTERN)放入螢幕上。
854 × 480 Array of Aluminum Micrometer-Sized Mirrors
5.4-µm Micromirror Pitch
±17° Micromirror Tilt (Relative to Flat Surface)
DMD + DLP 程式設計:光譜為例
下圖是光譜機器架構,從應用角度看,不需要(也不能)控制DMD和DLP,僅能透過MCU將資料送往DLP。DLP元件編號為DLPC150(連結),技術文件連結,是專門為NIR設計的DLP,不能確定是否可以直接控制發射出不同PATTERN。連結 |
自帶作業系統稱為TIVA,TI有提供相關程式。(須申請帳號)
連結 |
採用ARM架構,需要下載一整組編譯環境。
The system's Tiva processor deserializes this data and generates a set of full-frame DMD patterns based on the scan configuration and the factory-stored calibration data.
1. Then, the Tiva turns on the lamps and streams the full-frame DMD patterns to perform a scan.
2. Tiva collects several data points for each pattern from the detector's ADC conversion.
3. This data is stored in a structure, and is then serialized and transferred to the PC through USB or Bluetooth.
The system's Tiva processor deserializes this data and generates a set of full-frame DMD patterns based on the scan configuration and the factory-stored calibration data.
1. Then, the Tiva turns on the lamps and streams the full-frame DMD patterns to perform a scan.
2. Tiva collects several data points for each pattern from the detector's ADC conversion.
3. This data is stored in a structure, and is then serialized and transferred to the PC through USB or Bluetooth.
連結 |
與DLP溝通部分,已經被TI包裝成Library,內容還有包括掃描和取得光譜等資訊,檔案如下。
DLP Spectrum Library Installer v2.0.3 (Rev. A) (ZIP, 24976 KB) 01 Jun 2017
Scan: Performing a column or Hadamard scan by:
– Generating the appropriate full-frame DMD patterns based on a specific scan configuration.
– Computing reflectance and absorbance data form the intensity data during a scan.
– Handling serialization and deserialization of scan configuration and scan data.
下載Library後,初步檢視控制PATTERN似乎是prebuild模組,還要繼續尋找source code
連結 連結 連結DMD + DLP 程式設計:開發板
TI針對DMD DLP開發者,提供兩款專門製造PATTERN的開發板(與目前NIR使用DMD不同)DLP® LightCrafter™ 4500 (連結)。
DLP® LightCrafter™ 6500 Evaluation Module(連結),研究TI提供的PDF(連結),其中並沒有source code也沒有compile的環境。著重在如何將圖形(PATTERN)放入螢幕上。
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